A map showing Europe and contiguous areas about 1556.
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Rise of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman-Venetian War
Reign of Bayezid II and Ottoman Civil Wars
Mamlūk-Ottoman Wars
Ottoman-Russian War
Ottoman-Austrian War
Jews Are Expelled from Spain
Charles I Ascends the Throne of Spain
The United Provinces Declare Independence from Spain
The New Laws of Spain
Spain Annexes Portugal
Charles VIII of France Invades Italy
